Powders are widely used as starting materials and intermediates in solid oral dosage form production. They form the basis for processes such as granulation, tableting and capsule filling, and are also employed as finished dosage forms for oral, topical or inhalation applications. Critical material properties include particle size distribution, bulk density, flowability and content uniformity, all of which have a direct impact on process stability and product quality.

Due to limited flow and handling properties, powders are frequently subjected to granulation or agglomeration processes. These steps coarsen fine particles, reduce dust and significantly improve flow behavior for further pharmaceutical processing. Controlled powder preparation is particularly important for low-dose formulations and potent APIs, ensuring reproducible and scalable manufacturing processes.